Self-service channel marketplace

ABSTRACT

A content hosting system allows content providers to create channels of video content and make them available to users in a marketplace. Users can search or browse for channels of interest, and selectively subscribe to channels. Users can also pay for the right to view premium videos in each channel. The system ranks channels according to the value provided. Generally, users will seek out and subscribe to the highest ranked channels that provide the greatest value. The ranking function allows different providers to compete for the subscriptions of users. Providers can observe their channel&#39;s reception in the market by analyzing rankings and usage statistics to adjust channels to maximize channel performance. The system operator can also create bundled channels containing videos from multiple providers, and the resulting subscription revenue can be distributed to the various providers of the videos in the channel.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 12/826,530,now U.S. Pat. No. 8,713,592, filed on Jun. 29, 2010, and incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of Art

The invention generally relates to the field of online video deliveryand, more particularly, relates to bundling and ranking of onlinevideos.

2. Description of the Related Art

Online content hosting services such as YouTube, Netflix, Amazon, andHulu provide online video viewing experiences. Some of these servicesprovide unlimited free viewing of both user generated content andpremium content provided by traditional content providers such as moviestudios and broadcast networks. Some of these services enable users topay for premium content at a fixed price that allows for unlimitedconsumption of all available premium content on a monthly basis, forexample satellite and cable television packages. Others provide pricingfor a la carte purchase of individual content items, for example videoon demand.

None of the above schemes provides a direct, effective mechanism forusers to affect pricing and availability of certain content.

SUMMARY

A content hosting system enables content providers to create variouschannels of video content, where video content is delivered online fromthe content hosting system to subscribers at their respective clientdevices. For a particular channel the content provider selects whichvideos will be included in the channel, their availability in thechannel, and the pricing terms for a premium subscription to thechannel. Generally a channel will contain premium content that is nototherwise freely available in the content hosting system. The selectionof videos available for a subscriber to watch in a channel can changeover time, so as to provide subscribers with an incentive to continuetheir subscriptions. The content provider can define a channel to allowsubscribers to view the available videos in any order at any time, or toschedule the videos to be available in a fixed sequence or at fixed timeperiods, or some combination of these options. Content providers mayalso define promotional channels that are freely available to encourageusers to subscribe.

The content hosting system then makes these channels available to usersin an online web-based marketplace. Users can search or browse themarketplace for channels of interest, and selectively subscribe tochannels through the marketplace. Users pay for a subscription channelon a regular interval (e.g., monthly) for the right to view the videoscontained within the channel. Users can terminate their subscriptions tochannels at any time, at which point the user no longer has access tothe channel.

The marketplace makes available hundreds, even thousands or tens ofthousands of channels from any number of content providers. To encourageusers to explore the channel offerings of the content providers and toassist them in finding content of interest in given the vast size of themarketplace, the content hosting system provides a value rankingfunction that ranks the channels that are available to users in themarketplace based on the value of the channels as indicated by thebehavior of the subscriber community. The system ranks channels based ona number of criteria, including content, price, user churn, video churn,user ratings, and usage information, and similar factors indicative ofsubscriber interest and usage of the channels. Users browsing orsearching for channels to subscribe to can select to view availablechannels in the order of their value ranking, and as corresponding toany search terms they enter. Generally, users will seek out andsubscribe to the highest ranked channels that provide the greatest valueat the lowest cost. The value ranking function also gives providers amechanism to identify, evaluate, and create better performing channels,and therefore generate more subscriptions for their own channels. Inessence, the channel value ranking function allows different contentproviders to compete with each other for the subscriptions of the users.

In other aspects, the content hosting system provides content providersand users with tools by which they can create channels. In oneembodiment, the content hosting system can dynamically create a bundledchannel to contain videos from multiple content providers, by selectingvideos according their type, viewing history, ratings, and similarfactors. In one embodiment, the system can dynamically determine a pricefor the channel based upon these factors. In such an instance, thesubscription revenue generated by such a channel can be distributed tothe various content providers of the videos in the channel based onfactors such as viewer interest, ratings, length, or the like.

The present invention also provides number of different ways to definethe selection and availability of videos in a channel. A contentprovider can determine how many videos will be in the channel, how longeach video will be available in the channel, the price of the channel,and the regional availability of the channel. For example, a contentprovider can include a selected number of episodes of an ongoingtelevision show, each month adding new episodes and removing old ones,so that subscribers maintain their subscriptions over time. A contentprovider can create promotional channels to draw new subscribers in,tailor channels to specific genres of video content (e.g., sports,music, comedy) or interest groups. Content providers can observe theirchannel's reception in the market by analyzing rankings and usagestatistics to adjust channels to maximize market share, subscriber base,or market-wide user reputation.

The features and advantages described in the specification are not allinclusive and, in particular, many additional features and advantageswill be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of thedrawings, specification, and claims. Moreover, it should be noted thatthe language used in the specification has been principally selected forreadability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selectedto delineate or circumscribe the disclosed subject matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a high-level diagram illustrating a networked environment thatincludes a subscription video content hosting system.

FIG. 2 illustrates a logical view of a channel market module used aspart of a content hosting system.

FIG. 3 illustrates a logical view of the system database that storesdata related to the content hosting system.

FIG. 4 illustrates one screen layout of a subscriber interfacedisplaying detailed information about an individual channel to aprospective subscriber.

FIG. 5 illustrates one screenshot of a subscriber interface created bythe channel search module to allow users to find and watch channels onthe content hosting system.

FIG. 6 illustrates a screenshot of one view of a subscriber accountinterface

FIG. 7 illustrates a screen layout of part of a subscriber account,specifically the subscriber's premium subscriptions transaction history,in one embodiment.

FIG. 8 illustrates a flow chart of the channel modification moduleperforming price setting arbitrage in order to calculate the price of abundled channel.

FIG. 9 illustrates a screen layout for channel creation.

FIG. 10 illustrates a screen layout of search results displayed inranked order.

The figures depict various embodiments of the present invention forpurposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readilyrecognize from the following discussion that alternative embodiments ofthe structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed withoutdeparting from the principles of the invention described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Content Hosting System and System Overview

FIG. 1 is a high-level diagram illustrating a networked environment 100that includes a subscription video content hosting system 110. Thecontent hosting system 110 makes available subscription video channelsthat can be viewed on user and content provider computers 180 using abrowser 190. The content hosting system 110 and computers 180 areconnected by a network 170 such as a local area network or the Internet.

The network 170 is typically the Internet, but can be any network,including but not limited to any combination of a LAN, a MAN, a WAN, amobile, a wired or wireless network, a private network, or a virtualprivate network. The content hosting system 110 is connected to thenetwork 170 through a network interface 160.

Only a single user computer 180A is shown, but in practice there aremany (e.g., millions) users 180A that can communicate with and use thecontent hosting system 110. Similarly, only a single content providercomputer 180B is shown, but in practice there are many (e.g., millions)content providers 190A that can communicate create channels for thecontent hosting system 110. The browser 190 can include a content player(e.g., Flash™ from Adobe Systems, Inc.), or any other player adapted forthe content file formats used by the content hosting system 110.

User computers 180A with browsers 190A are used by users to subscribe toand watch channels provided by the content hosting system 110. Contentprovider computers 180B are used by content providers to create andmanage subscription channels hosted on the content hosting system 110. Agiven computer can be both a client computer 180A and content providercomputer 180B, depending on its usage. The hosting service 110 maydifferentiate between content providers and users in this instance basedon which front end server is used to connect to the content hostingsystem 110, user logon information, or other factors.

The content hosting system 110 comprises a user front end server 140 anda content provider front end server 150 each of which can be implementedas one or more server class computers. The content provider front endserver 150 is connected through the network 170 to content providercomputers 180B. The content provider front end server 150 provides aninterface for content providers to create and manage subscriptionchannels. The user front end server 140 is connected through the network170 to client computers 180A. The user front end server 140 provides aninterface for users to subscribe to and watch channels created bycontent providers.

The content hosting system 110 is implemented by a network of serverclass computers that can include one or more high-performance CPUs and 1G or more of main memory, as well as 500 Gb to 2 Tb of storage. Anoperating system such as LINUX is typically used. The operations of thecontent hosting system 110, front end 140 and back end 150 servers asdescribed herein can be controlled through either hardware (e.g.,dedicated computing devices or daughter-boards in general purposecomputers), or through computer programs installed in computer storageon the servers of the service 110 and executed by the processors of suchservers to perform the functions described herein. One of skill in theart of system engineering and video content hosting will readilydetermine from the functional and algorithmic descriptions herein theconstruction and operation of such computer programs.

The content hosting system 110 further comprises a system database 130that is communicatively coupled to the network 170. The system database130 stores data related to the content hosting system 110, including thechannels and videos that make up the channels, along with usersubscription and system usage information.

The system database 130 can be implemented as any device or combinationof devices capable of persistently storing data in computer readablestorage media, such as a hard disk drive, RAM, a writable compact disk(CD) or DVD, a solid-state memory device, or other optical/magneticstorage mediums. Other types of computer-readable storage mediums can beused, and it is expected that as new storage mediums are developed inthe future, they can be configured in accordance with the teachingshere.

The content hosting system 110 is further comprised of a channel marketmodule 120. The channel market module 120 is implemented as part of thecontent hosting system 110 in conjunction with the components listedabove. The channel market module 120 provides a mechanism by which usersseeking channels to which to subscribe can obtain content from contentproviders who have created channels. The channel market module 120receives new subscription channels created by content providers at thecontent provider front end server 150. The channel market module 120stores subscription channels in the system database 130. The channelmarket module 120 provides the subscription channels to users throughthe user front end server 140.

Additionally, the channel market module 120 ranks the availablesubscription channels contained in the system database 130 in order toencourage content providers to create channels of value for subscribersand enable users to identify channels that provide content that isdeemed of valuable by the subscriber community based on the behaviors ofsubscribers. Channels are value ranked based several factors including,for example, channel content, subscriber feedback, and monitoredsubscriber viewing habits. The channel market module 120 also receivessearch queries from users, and returns ranked lists of matchingsubscription channels, where the ranking is based on thesearch-independent channel values as well as how well the channelmatches the search query. The channel market module 120 may also be usedto generate new bundled subscription channels comprising videos andchannels from several different providers. The channel market module 120can determine a distribution of subscription revenue from these channelsbased on several factors including, for example, what proportion of timeusers spend viewing content from each provider who has contributed tothe bundled channel.

In this description, the term “module” refers to computational logic forproviding the specified functionality. A module can be implemented inhardware, firmware, and/or software. Where the modules described hereinare implemented as software, the module can be implemented as astandalone program, but can also be implemented through other means, forexample as part of a larger program, as a plurality of separateprograms, or as one or more statically or dynamically linked libraries.It will be understood that the named modules described herein representone embodiment of the present invention, and other embodiments mayinclude other modules. In addition, other embodiments may lack modulesdescribed herein and/or distribute the described functionality among themodules in a different manner. Additionally, the functionalitiesattributed to more than one module can be incorporated into a singlemodule. In an embodiment where the modules as implemented by software,they are stored on a computer readable persistent storage device (e.g.,hard disk), loaded into the memory, and executed by one or moreprocessors included as part of the content hosting system 110.Alternatively, hardware or software modules may be stored elsewherewithin the content hosting system 110. The content hosting system 110includes hardware elements necessary for the operations described here,including one or more processors, high speed memory, hard disk storageand backup, network interfaces and protocols, input devices for dataentry, and output devices for display, printing, or other presentationsof data.

Numerous variations from the system architecture of the illustratedcontent hosting system 110 are possible. The components of the system110 and their respective functionalities can be combined orredistributed. For example, the system database 130, channel marketmodule 120, user front end server 140, and content provider front endserver 150 can be distributed among any number of storage devices.Furthermore, the functionalities ascribed herein to any of the channelmarket module 120 can be implemented using a single computing device orusing any number of distributed computing devices communicativelycoupled via a network. For example, the channel market module 120 andsystem database 130 could be readily combined into a single module. Thefollowing sections describe the channel market module 120, the systemdatabase 130, and their operation in the context of the content hostingsystem 110.

Channel Market Module

FIG. 2 illustrates a functional view of a channel market module 120 usedas part of a content hosting system 110. The channel market module 120brings together potential subscribers looking for channels with contentproviders looking for subscribers for their channels.

When a content provider is using the content hosting system 110, thechannel market module 120 is comprised of a channel modification module250 that is used by providers to create new channels or modify existingchannels in the provider's channel lineup. A content provider evaluationmodule 230 allows providers to track the performance of their channelsbased on feedback from subscribers, system usage data, and the channelvalue ranking calculated by the channel ranking module 210. The contentprovider evaluation module 230 also gives providers information aboutthe performance of each of their channels so that they can improve theirchannels in order to remain competitive for user subscriptions.

When a potential subscriber is using the content hosting system 110, thechannel market module 120 is comprised of a subscription modificationmodule 240 that is used by potential subscribers to subscribe to newchannels or to modify their existing subscription list. A channel searchmodule 220 allows users to look for new channels to subscribe to, eitherthrough browsing or through search queries. A video player module 260allows users to watch the channels they have subscribed to, as well asto rate the channels to provide feedback on the quality of the channelto their friends and content providers. The value ranking of channelsrelies in part on this user feedback, so that content providers areinfluenced to provide high quality channels in order to obtain highchannel rankings. In some embodiments, video player module 260 isembedded on a third party web site and viewed through the subscriber'sbrowser. In other embodiments, video player module 260 is hosted on thevideo hosting site and viewed through the subscriber's browser.

A channel ranking module 210 monitors the content hosting system 110 inorder to rank the available subscription channels on a number ofdifferent criteria. The channel ranking module 210 monitors the systemby collecting and processing data related to the usage of the contenthosting system 110 by subscribers. For example, the system 110 maycollect usage statistics in real time by keeping various types of logs,including a subscriber usage log, a server access log, and/or a providerusage log, and then process the usage statistics asynchronously in orderto determine channel rankings. The channel ranking module 210 may alsouse sampling methods to statistically sample usages, either directly, orfrom the various logs. The channel ranking module 210 can determineusage statistics such as total time spent by the subscriber persubscribed channel per subscription period, or average time spent perchannel per period, for example.

Channel value rankings provide users and content providers informationabout which subscription channels provide the best value to subscribers.Channel value rankings provided by the channel ranking module 210 affectthe prominence of channels displayed by the channel search module 220user searching or browsing. Channels that provide a high value a userwill appear higher in search results when users search for channels,despite a lower match to a user's query. A high ranking will alsoincrease the prominence of a channel when a user browses for channelswithout performing a specific search (e.g., during browsing).

The increased exposure of highly ranked channels incentivizes contentproviders to create high value channels in order to compete for usersubscriptions. Channel rankings are included as part of the datapresented by the content provider evaluation module 230, so that contentproviders are able to compare the ranking of their channels relative tothe channels of other providers.

The modules that make up the channel market module 120 will be discussedin detail below, first with respect to the provider side of the contenthosting system 110, second with respect to the subscriber side of thecontent hosting system 110, third with respect to the channel rankingmodule 210, and fourth with respect to the revenue-sharing channelscreated by the system host.

System Database

FIG. 3 illustrates a functional view of the system database 130 thatstores data related to the content hosting system 110. The systemdatabase 130 may be divided based on the different types of data storedwithin. This data may reside in separate physical devices, or it may becollected within a single physical device.

With respect to content providers, partner data 370 comprisesinformation regarding content providers, or partners, registered withthe content hosting service 110 that have permission to create contentsubscription channels. Partner data 370 includes provider contactinformation.

For providers creating paid subscription channels, partner data 370contains billing and revenue sharing information for the provider. Someproviders (e.g., HBO, Showtime) may create subscription channelscontaining pay content that simultaneously appears as part of a cabletelevision package. These providers may have specific agreements withthe operator of the content hosting service 110 for how subscriptionrevenue will flow from the content hosting service 110 to the provider.These specific agreements will be contained in the partner data 370.

Alternatively, some providers (e.g., smaller content providers offeringhighly targeted content) may wish create subscription channelscontaining short-form and made-for-web content. These providers may nothave specific agreements with the operator of the content hostingservice 110 for how subscription revenue will flow from the contenthosting service 110 to the provider. For these providers, partner data370 comprises a standardized set of information to dictating howsubscription revenue will flow from the content hosting service 110 tothe providers. For example, for a given partner, the partner data mayindicate that the content hosting service 110 receives 25% of thesubscription revenue for a channel, and the content provider receives75%. Of course other more complex allocations can be used with variablefactors based on features of the content, channel, or subscriber base,and the like.

Channel data 340 describes all of each provider's created channels,along with information about the videos are contained in the channel,how the channel lineup of videos provided will rotate over time, channelpromotions, and the screen layout for subscribers of the channel.Channel data 340 may includes price information for the channel as awhole. Channel data 340 also includes a flag for each video in thechannel indicating whether that particular video is free for anysubscriber, or restricted to premium subscribers only

The videos themselves are stored in video data 360. Each video comprisesvideo data that includes coded data for frames of the video, encodedusing codec compatible with the client computer's video player (e.g.,Flash). Video data 360 may also include metadata such as descriptiveinformation (e.g., title, keywords, description, actors, rating, etc.)and pricing information for each video, as well as availabilityinformation (region, time period, restrictions). Providers may alsoindicate that a particular video is available for inclusion in bundledchannels, which allows the provider to receive a portion of thesubscription fee when a video is used as part of a bundled channel.

With respect to users (subscribers), the user profile data 310 containsinformation collected from each user. Account data 330 includes the dataentered by a user when signing up for a subscriber account with thechannel hosting service 110. This includes email contact information,viewing preferences for how the user interface should appear, andbilling information. In some embodiments, account data 330 can beanonymized so it is associated with a user ID and not with identifyinginformation such as user name. Account data 330 also includes all of auser's channel subscriptions as well as billing information for theuser's premium subscriptions. For example, account data 330 includeswhether a channel payment is automatically renewed each subscriptionperiod, or whether the subscriber must manually renew each subscription,as well as the date on which the subscription is automatically renewedor expires.

Account data 330 also includes all active choices and inputs made by auser while using the content hosting system 110. These choices include,for example, marking videos or channels as favorites, creating playlistsof videos or channels, and making comments or rating viewed videos orchannels. Comments include statements visible to other subscribers ornon-subscribers indicating a premium subscriber's opinion on a channel'scontent or quality.

Subscriber viewing data 320 contains data about the user that is notexplicitly entered by the user, but which is tracked as the usernavigates through the content hosting system 110. Subscriber viewingdata includes, for example, user viewing habits, such as the total timespent by the subscriber per subscribed channel per subscription period,average time spent per channel per period, proportion of time spent pervideo per channel, relative to other videos in the channel, proportionof time spent watching subscribed channels relative to non-subscriptioncontent, time of day distribution for the subscriber's viewingactivities, average length of time for a viewing session for thesubscriber, and click-through statistics for ads and video promotionsaccompanying subscription content.

System-wide usage data 350 includes data on the overall usage of thecontent hosting system 110. Some of this information may be aggregatedor derived from the account data 330 and subscriber viewing data 320 forpopulations of subscribers. The population can be as the entiresubscriber population, or any selected subset thereof, such as targetedsubscribers based on any combination of demographic or behavioralcharacteristics, or channel/video selections. System-wide usage data 350includes trends and patterns in channel viewing habits for any desiredpopulation. For example, population of subscribers to a given channel,the system-wide usage data 350 can indicate what other channels to whichthose subscribers tend to subscribe. In one embodiment, when a usersubscribes to a new channel, system-wide usage data 350 is used torecommend other similar channels to which the user might also beinterested in subscribing. System-wide data usage 350 also aggregateschannel subscription churn information on a per-channel and per-providerbasis, in order to calculate channel value and channel ranking and showproviders their subscription churn rate.

Provider Interaction with the Channel Market Module

A content provider interface is used by a content provider to create andmanage subscription channels on the content hosting system 110. Thecontent provider interface is created by the channel market module 120,and is transmitted to the content provider through the content providerfront end server 150.

The content provider interface contains an overview interface (notshown) for providers to view when they log into the content hostingsystem 110 through the content provider front end server 150. Theoverview interface contains options for creating new channels, modifyingexisting channels, uploading videos, viewing system usage data 350, andviewing the rankings of channels provided by the channel marketplace.The overview interface further contains brief summaries of informationabout a provider's channels including, for example, channel rankings,and subscription revenue. Providers may customize which summaries aredisplayed.

A video upload interface (not shown) allows a provider to upload videosfor use in a subscription channel. The video upload interface allows theuser to configure options regarding the details of the uploaded videoincluding an indication of whether the video is free or premium, theprice of the video, and whether if the video can be used in a revenuesharing channel. The video upload interface allows the configuration andupload of multiple videos at the same time. The upload interface canupload videos individually, or in bulk.

FIG. 9 illustrates a screen layout for channel creation. Channelcreation and modification is handled by the channel modification module250. The channel modification module 250 generates a user interface 900with options for providers to choose between when creating newsubscription channels. The provider may add 910 to a new channel anyvideos which they have uploaded to the content hosting service 110. Insome embodiments, the provider may add videos that have been uploaded byanother.

For each video made a part of a channel, the provider must specify 920which videos are premium videos that are available only to subscriberswho pay a subscription fee for access. Users may subscribe to a channelto view the free videos without paying a subscription fee. They may thenchoose to upgrade their subscription to a premium subscription to beable to watch the premium content.

The provider must also specify 930 the dates during which each videowill be available on the channel for viewing. This way, providers canrotate videos in or out of a channel's watchable video list, toencourage subscribers to renew their subscriptions. Rotating channels inor out also prevents subscribers from watching all of the videos on thechannel within one subscription period and then unsubscribing from thechannel once they have exhausted the channel's content. In oneembodiment, in order to create a premium subscription channel, theprovider must specify at least five premium videos as viewable bypremium subscribers at any given time.

Providers may also allow videos in a channel to be viewableindefinitely. This may be the case, for example, where the video is partof the free portion of a subscription channel rather than premiumportion, and leaving the video up indefinitely is beneficial. Forexample, in the case where a channel comprises episodes of a serializedtelevision show, a preview video may be available continually whichsummarizes the show for new subscribers seeking to subscribe to theshow's channel mid season. The provider may choose to make availableonly the most recent episodes, with the exception of a summary orpromotional video which is available at all times.

The provider also specifies 940 a monthly subscription price for thechannel if they wish the channel to support premium subscriptions. Inone embodiment, providers are offered a choice of price tiers forsetting the price of their premium channels. For example, the pricetiers may range from $0.99 to $49.99 per month. In another embodiment,providers may specify their own subscription prices.

The subscription revenue generated from premium subscriptions is splitbetween the provider and the operator of the content hosting system 110.The range of the share of revenue received by the providers variesbetween 30% and 70% of the subscription revenue, with the systemoperator receiving the remainder. In other embodiments, the revenueshare for the provider and system operator may vary depending upon anagreement for fee sharing between the provider and the system operator.

Additional channel information entered 950 by providers may include achannel title description that will be available to users. Providers mayalso specify keywords that will not be visible to users but that will beused to match the channel to user search queries. Providers areincentivized to use keywords that accurately represent the content ofthe channel. For example, keywords that do not accurately represent thecontent of the channel will likely cause subscribers to unsubscribe fromthe channel, rate the channel poorly, negatively comment on the channel,and otherwise negatively influence the ranking of the channel. Theresult in this case will be that because of a poor ranking, the channelwill no longer appear on search results when a potential subscribersearches for a channel with the specified terms, and thus, an overallreduced subscriber base for the channel than would have otherwiseoccurred with the use of accurate keywords.

Providers may also attach 960 promotions or prizes to the channel. Forexample, providers may distribute tickets to live events for premiumsubscribers. In one embodiment, a chosen number of promotional prizesare distributed by randomly selecting users from the base of paidsubscribers to a provider's channel and emailing these users to visitthe channel's page, where they are asked to provide additionalinformation (e.g., mailing address) to receive their promotional prize.In another embodiment, the first users to complete a specifiedcall-to-action receive a promotional prize. Examples of call-to-actiontypes include signing up as a paid subscriber (if the user is not onealready), and writing a comment or review on the Provider's channelpage.

Providers may also choose to customize 970 the channel layout thatsubscribers see when deciding whether to subscribe to a channel, andonce they have subscribed which videos of a channel to watch. A providermay wish to display, for example, the current videos available forviewing on the channel, a detailed summary of the channel, providerpromotions for this and other channels created by the same provider,channel advertisements, channel price, and favorable comments made bysubscribers. In one embodiment, some aspects of the display are notcustomizable such as display of the channel ranking.

Providers may also allow free subscribers who have not yet upgraded topremium subscriptions to view previews of premium content in order toconvince them to upgrade. In one embodiment, the preview consists of thefirst ten seconds of each premium video currently available on thechannel.

Providers may also choose to add 980 advertisements to their channels.Advertisements allow providers to create paid subscription channels witha lower subscription fee than might otherwise be possible. Advertisementis also another axis on which providers can tune subscription channelsto try and improve their channel's rankings. Some users may prefer ahigher subscription fee in order to avoid advertisements, while othersmay prefer viewing advertisements in order to keep the fee of thesubscription low. In one embodiment, providers may create a subscriptionchannel with two premium prices, one displaying premium videos withadvertisements and the other omitting the advertisements.

If a channel contains advertisements, the video player module 260displays the advertisements in the same window as the video beingwatched. The advertisement may be a video that replaces the viewed videofor the duration of the advertisement. Alternatively, the advertisementsmay be in other formats such as pure text advertisements, providing ahyperlink to an advertiser's website, text-and-audio advertising, andstill image advertising. In one embodiment, the advertisement content isstored in an advertisement database that is separate from the systemdatabase 130, and is managed by an advertising control system that isseparate from the content hosting system 110. In this embodiment, theadvertising control system both manages access to the advertisingcontent stored in the advertisement database, and also serves toassociate advertising content with the videos and channels of thecontent hosting system 110.

Once the channel description is completed, the channel becomes availablefor subscription by users through the channel market module 120.

The channel modification module 250 allows a provider to modify one oftheir existing channels. The channel modification module 250 uses theinterface described above for the creation of new channels for themodification of existing channels. Frequently, modification will involveadding or deleting videos from the channel, modifying the description ortitle, or modifying the price of the channel.

When the price of an existing premium channel is changed by a provider,there are a number of different ways in which that change can beapplied. In one embodiment, the price is not immediately applied to allsubscribers. Instead, the new price will not affect current subscribersuntil the end of their current subscription period, whereas newsubscribers after the price change pay the new price. Once the price hasbeen changed, all subscribers are notified of the price change. If theprice of the channel decreases, subscribers are not required to doanything in response to the price change. If, however, the priceincreases, subscribers set to automatically renew their subscriptionshave to re-enable automatic renewal in order to maintain theirsubscription. When a user's subscription period to such a channel ends,the user may choose to cancel rather than renew their subscription.

Notification to users upon price change is automatic not only for thefinancial benefit of subscribers, but also to increase the ability ofsubscribers to exert market pressure on providers to create channels ofhigh value at low cost. Being forced to accept a new higher price for achannel is one way subscribers can “vote with their remotes” and therebyaffect the channel rankings. Generally, cancellations reflect thatsubscribers have decided that a channel is not providing a good valuerelative to its cost. As a result, cancellations will generally resultin a decrease in a channel's ranking. This information is useful to theprovider determining channel pricing.

The content provider evaluation module 230 allows a provider to obtaindata about their channel offerings as a whole. General statisticsinclude, for example, total subscription revenue, total uniquesubscribers, and total subscriber churn. Generally, low subscriber churnis desirable because it means subscribers are maintaining theirsubscriptions to the provider's channels because they believe thechannels provide value. Aggregate information may be useful forproviders for promotional purposes, for example to target potentialsubscribers with future channel offerings, or for convincing advertisersto advertise on their channels.

The content provider evaluation module 230 also allows a provider todrill down into usage data regarding individual channels. Individualchannel data includes, for example, channel rank, channel churn, totalsubscribers over the life of the channel, current number of subscribers,subscribers as function of time, proportion of views or time viewingvideos available or previously available on the channel, user commentsregarding the channel, price information, and related channels whichpremium subscribers of this channel also subscribe to.

In one embodiment, providers are also able to obtain channel specificinformation about channels provided by other partners. In oneembodiment, providers are able to view all channel specific informationthat would be available to the channel owner. In another embodiment, theprovider is only able to view a subset of the information that isavailable to the channel owner.

The content provider evaluation module 230 also allows providers totrack the rankings of their channels relative to the other channels inthe marketplace. The subscription channels of the content hosting systemare ranked by the channel ranking module 210. The ranking is importantto providers because the ranking affects how prominently a channel willappear when a user searches or browses for channels to subscribe to. Thecontent provider evaluation module 230 also allows providers to trackthe performance of their channels relative to other channels based onother metrics, such as subscription revenue. Some embodiments also allowproviders to drill down to view channel usage data for channels createdby other providers.

Subscriber Interaction with the Channel Market Module

FIG. 5 illustrates one screenshot of a subscriber interface created bythe channel search module 220 to allow users to find and watch channelson the content hosting system 110. The subscriber interface is createdby the channel search module 220, and is transmitted to the user throughthe user front end server 140.

The subscriber interface 500 is viewed by a user when using the contenthosting system 110 through the browser 190A of their computer 180A. Thesubscriber interface allows a user to browse categories 510 of channelsto find channels 520 to subscribe to. Tabs 530 or listings may be usedto differentiate between categories, for example using separate tabs forvideos, movies, or television shows. The subscriber interface may alsodifferentiate according to content type, for example using separatelistings 540 for comedies, sports, or news content. When a user isbrowsing for channels, the channels that are shown are selected based ontheir ranking in addition to the user's selection criteria. Higherranked channels will receive more exposure on the subscriber interface.

The channel search module 220 also has a search function allowing a userto enter a search query 550 to find channels of interest. The searchquery is parsed and is matched against the channel description andchannel keywords to determine a list of search results comprising thematching channels. The channel description and channel keywords may alsobe referred to as textual metadata. The matching channels may also bedetermined using derived metadata based on techniques such as machinevideo classification and automatic speech-to-text transcription.

FIG. 10 illustrates a screen layout of search results displayed inranked order. In determining the list 1000 of matching channels, thesearch function may also take into account a user's stored viewingpreferences from the user profile data 310, as well as system-wide usagedata 350. The search result list 1010 is ordered according to theweighted combination of the quality of the match between the channels inthe list and the user search query, the user and system data, andchannel ranking. A highly ranked channel may appear higher in the listof matching channels relative to a low ranked channel that moreaccurately matches the search information, depending on the value ofeach channel.

The resulting list of matching ranked channels is displayed 1000 to theuser through the subscriber interface. In addition to the list ofmatching ranked channels, the subscriber interface may also display ashort summary 1020 of the channels in the list, screen captures 1030 ortitle images of the channels, channel price, channel ranking 1040, thedescription tags of the channel, or other relevant details of thechannel (e.g., number of subscribers, number of videos, provider name1050). The user may also filter the list to show all channels, only freechannels, or only premium channels.

FIG. 4 illustrates one screen layout of a subscriber interfacedisplaying detailed information about an individual channel to aprospective subscriber. When a user selects a particular channel theyare interested in, the subscriber interface 400 displays all thedetailed information about the channel, which may have been customizedby the provider as described above. The user is also provided theopportunity to subscribe to the channel.

When a user decides to subscribe to a channel, if necessary (e.g., theuser does not already have an account in the system) the subscriptionmodification module 240 first collects user information to create a userprofile 310 including account data 330, as described above.

Once a user's subscriber account has been created, the subscriptionmodification module 240 enables the user to complete the subscriptiontransaction. An interface displays channel information such as thechannel to be subscribed to, the price of a monthly subscription to thechannel, information about the channel provider, and the subscriptionperiod. The subscriber is also given the option to choose betweenautomatically having the subscription renewed every month, or manuallyrenewing the subscription of the channel. Once payment is confirmed, thesubscriber's account is updated to reflect the new subscription.

Generally, a user may cancel a subscription at any time. If the usercancels in between pay periods, they pay a pro rata amount of themonthly subscription fee. The pro rata amount may be calculated based onwhen within the pay period the user cancels, or it may based on theamount of channel content the user consumes before canceling. In oneembodiment, there is minimum subscription period of 30 days, in order toprevent users from subscribing for only a few days in order to watch allof the content of a channel.

FIG. 6 illustrates a screenshot of one view of a subscriber accountinterface. The subscriber account 600 may contain a listing 610 of theuser's free and premium channel subscriptions, information about videosthat have been uploaded by the user, videos or channels the user hasmarked as favorites, playlists created by the user, quicklists, theuser's channel and video viewing history, the user's subscriptionhistory, and purchases made by the user.

FIG. 7 illustrates one example of a screen layout of part of asubscriber account, specifically the subscriber's premium subscriptionstransaction history 700. The history lists the premium channels 710 thatthe user either is currently subscribed to or has been subscribed to inthe past. The user may filter between viewing all subscriptions 711, allactive subscriptions 712, and all inactive subscriptions 713. Thehistory shows the current price 720 of each subscription channel, startand end dates for each channel's subscription period 730, and therenewal type 740 for each active channel. The history also displays textor controls (e.g., buttons) 750 guiding the user on actions that can betaken with respect to each channel. For example, if the user has anyexpired subscriptions, the history guides the user on how thesubscription may be renewed.

The channel market module 120 further comprises a video player module260 that allows subscribers to watch the videos contained withinsubscription channels. If the user is a premium subscriber, they canview all videos in the channel. If the user is a free subscriber, theycan view only the free videos in the channel. Furthermore, the videoplayer module 260 allows a provider to embed their channels and videosinto their own third party sites. These third party sites may alsoaccess subscriber information from system database 130. Using thisinformation, third party sites may allow visitors who are alsosubscribers to the provider's channels to view free and premium contenton the provider's third party site.

While the user is watching a video, they may also engage in severalother activities simultaneously. The user may rate the video they arecurrently watching, or rate the channel as a whole. Users watching achannel may also comment on the video or the channel and interact withother subscribers of the channel. Finally, users may request help fromrepresentatives of the content hosting system 110 if they encounterproblems watching a channel, or suspect fraud on the part of theprovider.

Channel Rankings

The channels of the content hosting system 110 are ranked by the channelranking module 210. This ranking represents a determination of channelvalue provided to a subscriber. The ranking affects the positioning ofchannels when a user is browsing or searching for channels to which tosubscribe. As users are most likely to subscribe to channels the appearin the first several pages of the search results or channel listing,providers are incentivized to create channels of greater value so thattheir channels are ranked higher in the channel list, because greaterprominence will likely result in a greater number of subscriptions andtherefore more subscription revenue. Having a large number of channelsof high value is also beneficial for the content hosting system 110 as awhole as it provides a basis for interesting subscribers who might nothave created subscriber accounts otherwise. More subscribers in turnincents more content providers to provide more channels, furtherincreasing the competitiveness of the market in a virtuous spiral.

The channel ranking is based upon the monitored usage of the channel byits subscribers. Subscriber usage of a channel can be broken down inthree primary groups of monitored data: channel content, user feedback,and monitored subscriber viewing data. In one embodiment, the ranking isa weighed combination based upon these three groups of data. Channelcontent data comprises information about the content as determined bythe provider including, for example, channel price, the videos availablefor viewing as part of the channel, channel advertisements, and channelpromotions. User feedback data comprises information actively entered bychannels subscribers including, for example, user channel ratings, usercomments, user help requests, and user fraud reports. Finally, monitoredsubscriber viewing data comprises all data not actively entered bysubscribers, but derived from the subscriber's access to the contenthosting system and viewing of channels and videos therein. From thissubscriber viewing data, the system can determine the proportion of timea user spends watching a given video or channel relative to the otheravailable videos or channel, and other metrics, as described above.

The ranking may also be determined as a weighted combination of thequality or value of a subscription offering combined with the relevanceof the subscription offering to the subscriber's interest profile. Thequality of a subscription offering combines channel content data (e.g.,content churn, subscriber churn) with user feedback data (e.g., userratings). The relevance of the subscription offering to the subscriber'sinterests profile combines user feedback data (e.g., user ratings) withmonitored subscriber viewing data (e.g., what channels this and otherusers tend to view).

Providers can use feedback from the channel ranking determined by thecontent provider evaluation module 230 to determine what changes need tobe made to increase a channel's ranking. For example, lower subscriberchurn will usually result in a higher channel ranking. A provider whosechannels have high subscriber churn can view this data through thecontent provider evaluation module 230. The provider can then makechanges that will hopefully decrease subscriber churn in future, and asa result increase their channel's ranking and revenue.

Bundled Channel Generation

The content hosting system 110 is configured to allow the systemoperator to generate bundled subscription channels comprising videos andchannels from several different providers. Bundled channels may bundletogether videos that providers have affirmatively allowed to be includedin bundled channels. Alternatively, the bundled channel may bundletogether entire channels which providers have allowed to be bundled inthis manner. In one embodiment, existing channels are bundled to form asubscription package that can be promoted to users, for example, as areplacement for existing cable television subscription packages. Inorder to generate a bundled channel, the system operator uses thechannel modification module 250. The interface for creating a bundledchannel is similar to the interface used by a provider to create ormodify a subscription channel.

The subscription fee from a bundled subscription channel can bedistributed between the providers whose content makes up the channel andthe system operator. The providers whose videos are part of the bundledchannel may receive some share of subscription revenues, for example,pro rata based on the proportional number of minutes subscribersactually spend watching their content versus watching contentcontributed by other providers. Alternatively, the revenue may bedistributed based on other factors such as viewer interest, ratings,length, or the like, or simply an a priori allocation based on exogenousfactors (e.g., the provider's content, market share, or the like). Thesystem operator also receives a non pro rata portion of the totalsubscription revenue for the bundled channel.

In one embodiment, as part of the bundled channel creation process, thechannel modification module 250 can perform a price setting arbitragefunction in order to determine the price of the bundled channel. Theprice setting arbitrage function is used to price and upsell the user toa personalized bundle of subscription offerings based on the user'sprofile data and the channels that a user is about to sign up for.Depending on the user's likely consumption pattern, the price of thebundle may be substantially lower than signing up for each subscriptionoffering separately. The price setting arbitrage function takes intoconsideration the user's viewing history (e.g., the duration spentwatching videos per unit time, the number of videos watched persession), and uses this information to predict the average number ofvideos the user is likely to watch from the combined bundle.

The bundled channel is bundled and priced such that if the usersubscribes, they will spend more on the bundled subscription than theywould have otherwise, and receive more video content than they watch onaverage. In this embodiment, the content host is paying each providerparticipating in the bundle a revenue share rate that is proportional tothe number of their videos the user watches. If the subscriber does notwatch enough videos, there will be leftover subscription revenue thatthe content host will not have to distribute. The content host derives abenefit from creating the bundled channel because on average theadditional subscription revenue will go to the content host rather thanproviders because the user's viewing habits predict they will not watchall of the bundled content.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of how the channel modification module 250performs price setting arbitrage in order to calculate the price of abundled channel. The channel modification module receives 810 a list ofvideos or channels to be added to the bundled channel. For each video orchannel to be added to the bundled channel, the channel modificationmodule obtains 820 the respective video price 360 or channel price 340from the system database 130. The channel modification module alsoobtains 830 subscriber viewing data 320 in order to determine whatproportion of time users will spend watching each video or channelwithin the bundled channel. The channel modification module thencalculates 840 a bundle discount price for the bundled channel based onthe usage data and individual video and channel prices. Finally, thechannel modification module adds 850 the newly created bundled channelto the list of available channels on the content hosting system 110.

Additional Considerations

Some portions of above description describe the embodiments in terms ofalgorithms and symbolic representations of operations on information.These algorithmic descriptions and representations are commonly used bythose skilled in the data processing arts to convey the substance oftheir work effectively to others skilled in the art. These operations,while described functionally, computationally, or logically, areunderstood to be implemented by computer programs executed by aprocessor, equivalent electrical circuits, microcode, or the like.Furthermore, it has also proven convenient at times, to refer to thesearrangements of operations as modules, without loss of generality. Thedescribed operations and their associated modules may be embodied insoftware, firmware, hardware, or any combinations thereof.

As used herein any reference to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment”means that a particular element, feature, structure, or characteristicdescribed in connection with the embodiment is included in at least oneembodiment. The appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in variousplaces in the specification are not necessarily all referring to thesame embodiment.

As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,”“including,” “has,” “having” or any other variation thereof, areintended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process,method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is notnecessarily limited to only those elements but may include otherelements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method,article, or apparatus. Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary,“or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example,a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true(or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or notpresent) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (orpresent).

In addition, use of the “a” or “an” are employed to describe elementsand components of the embodiments herein. This is done merely forconvenience and to give a general sense of the invention. Thisdescription should be read to include one or at least one and thesingular also includes the plural unless it is obvious that it is meantotherwise.

Upon reading this disclosure, those of skill in the art will appreciatestill additional alternative structural and functional designs for asystem and a process for providing subscription video channels on acontent hosting system through the disclosed principles herein. Thus,while particular embodiments and applications have been illustrated anddescribed, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are notlimited to the precise construction and components disclosed herein.Various modifications, changes and variations, which will be apparent tothose skilled in the art, may be made in the arrangement, operation anddetails of the method and apparatus disclosed herein without departingfrom the spirit and scope defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer system providing a self-servicemarketplace of subscription video channels comprising: at least onecomputer processor; and a non-transitory computer readable storagemedium storing executable code, the code when executed by the computerprocessor causes the computer processor to create user interfacescomprising: a content provider user interface comprising: an option tocreate subscription channels based on videos controlled by contentproviders, each subscription channel comprising a plurality of videosaccessible to subscribers paying a subscription price; and an option foreach content provider to review performance data for their subscriptionchannels; wherein responsive to receiving a selection of the option toreview the performance data, the content provider user interface isupdated to display an amount of time each subscriber spends watching thevideos of the subscription channels and a total amount of subscribersover a period of time for at least one of the subscription channels; asubscriber user interface comprising: a list of the subscriptionchannels created by the content providers; an option to submitsubscription requests and payments of subscription prices for asubscription channel from the list of the subscription channels; anoption for each subscribed channel to automatically renew or manuallyrenew the subscription to the subscribed channel; an option to view allsubscriptions including active subscriptions and inactive subscriptions;an option to view active subscriptions without the inactivesubscriptions; and an option to view inactive subscriptions without theactive subscriptions.
 2. The computer system of claim 1, whereinresponsive to receiving a selection of the option to review theperformance data, the content provider user interface is updated todisplay: a ranked list of the subscription channels.
 3. The computersystem of claim of claim 2 wherein the updated content provider userinterface further displays feedback of subscribers who have paid thesubscription price for subscription channels, the feedback comprisinguser ratings, user comments, user help requests, and user fraud reports.4. The computer system of claim 2, wherein the updated content provideruser interface further displays a subscriber churn rate for at least oneof the subscription channels, the subscriber churn indicative of anamount of time subscribers are maintaining their subscriptions to thesubscription channels.
 5. The computer system of claim 1 wherein thelist of the subscription channels created by the content providers is aranked list.
 6. The computer system of claim 1, wherein responsive toreceiving a selection of the option to create subscription channels thecontent provider user interface is updated, the updated content providerinterface comprising: a title area that receives a title of asubscription channel from the content provider; a video area thatreceives a video for inclusion in the subscription channel from thecontent provider, dates that the video is available on the subscriptionchannel for viewing, and an indication whether the video is free for thesubscribers to view or whether a subscription fee is required forsubscribers to view the video; a subscription price area that receives asubscription price for the subscription channel from the contentprovider, the subscription price indicative of a cost required forsubscribers to view videos of the subscription channel.
 7. The computersystem of claim 6, wherein the updated content provider interfacefurther comprises: a promotional area indicative of prizes available onthe subscription channel; an option for the content provider tocustomize a layout of the subscription channel; and an advertisementoption for the content provider to indicate whether to displayadvertisements in the subscription channel.
 8. The computer system ofclaim 1, wherein the content provider user interface further comprisesan option for each content provider to review performance data forsubscription channels created by other content providers.
 9. A computerprogram product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storagemedium storing executable code for providing a self-service marketplaceof subscription video channels, the code comprising: a content provideruser interface comprising: an option to create subscription channelsbased on videos controlled by content providers, each subscriptionchannel comprising a plurality of videos accessible to subscriberspaying a subscription price; and an option for each content provider toreview performance data for their subscription channels; whereinresponsive to receiving a selection of the option to review theperformance data, the content provider user interface is updated todisplay a subscriber churn rate for at least one of the subscriptionchannels, the subscriber churn indicative of an amount of timesubscribers are maintaining their subscriptions to the subscriptionchannels; a subscriber user interface comprising: a list of thesubscription channels created by the content providers; an option tosubmit subscription requests and payments of subscription prices for asubscription channel from the list of the subscription channels; and anoption for each subscribed channel to automatically renew or manuallyrenew the subscription to the subscribed channel; an option to view allsubscriptions including active subscriptions and inactive subscriptions;an option to view active subscriptions without the inactivesubscriptions; and an option to view inactive subscriptions without theactive subscriptions.
 10. The computer program product of claim 9,wherein responsive to receiving a selection of the option to review theperformance data the content provider user interface is updated todisplay a ranked list of the subscription channels.
 11. The computerprogram product of claim 10, wherein the updated content provider userinterface further displays an amount of time each subscriber spendswatching the videos of the subscription channels.
 12. The computerprogram product of claim 10, wherein the updated content provider userinterface further displays for at least one of the subscription channelsa total amount of subscribers over a period of time.
 13. The computerprogram product of claim 10, wherein the updated content provider userinterface further displays feedback of subscribers who have paid thesubscription price for subscription channels, the feedback comprisinguser ratings, user comments, user help requests, and user fraud reports.14. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the list of thesubscription channels created by the content providers is a ranked list.15. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein responsive toreceiving a selection of the option to create subscription channels thecontent provider user interface is updated, the updated content providerinterface comprising: a title area that receives a title of asubscription channel from the content provider; a video area thatreceives a video for inclusion in the subscription channel from thecontent provider, dates that the video is available on the subscriptionchannel for viewing, and an indication whether the video is free for thesubscribers to view or whether a subscription fee is required forsubscribers to view the video; a subscription price area that receives asubscription price for the subscription channel from the contentprovider, the subscription price indicative of a cost required forsubscribers to view videos of the subscription channel.
 16. The computerprogram product of claim 15, wherein the updated content providerinterface further comprises: a promotional area indicative of prizesavailable on the subscription channel; an option for the contentprovider to customize a layout of the subscription channel; and anadvertisement option for the content provider to indicate whether todisplay advertisements in the subscription channel.
 17. The computerprogram product of claim 9, wherein the content provider user interfacefurther comprises an option for each content provider to reviewperformance data for subscription channels created by other contentproviders.
 18. A computer-implemented method for providing aself-service marketplace of a subscription channels, the methodcomprising: displaying a content provider user interface, the contentuser interface comprising: an option to create subscription channelsbased on videos controlled by content providers, each subscriptionchannel comprising a plurality of videos accessible to subscriberspaying a subscription price; and an option for each content provider toreview performance data for their subscription channels; receiving aselection of the option to review the performance data; responsive toreceiving the selection, updating the content provider user interface todisplay a ranked list of the subscription channels and a subscriberchurn rate for at least one of the subscription channels that isindicative of an amount of time subscribers are maintaining theirsubscriptions to the subscription channels, wherein the ranked list isranked according to a channel value for each subscription channel, eachchannel value based upon a combination of the subscription price for thesubscription channel and the subscriber churn rate of the subscriptionchannel; and displaying a subscriber user interface, the subscriber userinterface comprising: a list of the subscription channels created by thecontent providers; an option to submit subscription requests andpayments of subscription prices for a subscription channel from the listof the subscription channels; and an option for each subscribed channelto automatically renew or manually renew the subscription to thesubscribed channel.
 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 18,further comprising: responsive to receiving the selection of the optionto review the performance data, updating the content provider userinterface to display a ranked list of the subscription channels.
 20. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 18, further comprising: updatingthe content provider user interface to display feedback of subscriberswho have paid the subscription price for subscription channels, thefeedback comprising user ratings, user comments, user help requests, anduser fraud reports.